A Computer Network is a combination of devices (computers and laptops) that are connected together for the purpose of data or resource sharing. The devices use general connection protocols beyond digital interconnections to connect with more devices. A Computer Network is like a group of friends who can share their toys, games, and secrets easily and … Read more
A cursor is a working area where an SQL statement is executed. It is used to process individual rows returned by the database system for a query. Types of cursor Based on their scope and usage Based on their functionality and behavior Detailed Explanation 1. Explicit Cursors Explicit Cursors are declared by programmers in their … Read more
PL/SQL stands for procedural Structures query language which is an extension of the structural query language (SQL) and oracle relation database. It is independent of the operating system environment and tightly integrated with SQL. It provides extensive error checking, numerous data types, and a variety of programming structures. It also supports structural programming through the … Read more
Oracle stores the definition of data along with the data. This data definition meant the data about the data i.e. Information about the users, table, columns, concerns, and all objects created in the database. This information is stored in the form of a table which is called a data dictionary. The data dictionary is a … Read more
The various oracle processes are listed and explained below Log Writer Background Process (LGWR): This component writes the redo entries from redo log buffers when the user executes the commit statement or the buffer exceeds 1/3rd of the redo log buffers. Database Writer Background Process(DBWR): This component will write all the dirty blocks whenever checkpoints … Read more
Undo/Redo is a database transaction log for handling transaction crash recovery. This algorithm stores all the values and changes made during transactions in a separate memory in case of failure or crash. It utilizes the stored value to restore the loss due to failure. This algorithm is a combination of two approaches UNDO: It stands … Read more
Multiple granularity is a database locking technique that allows various data items of different sizes and set locks on them and also defines the hierarchy of data granularity where small granularities are nested within the larger granularity. There are three types of lock granularity Course granularity: It is used to lock tables, files, databases, and … Read more
Granularity is the size of data items that are allowed to lock. Granularity locking in a Database Management System (DBMS) is a bit like deciding how to organize a shared playroom where everyone wants to play with the toys at the same time. What is Granularity Locking? Granularity locking is all about how big or … Read more
Granularity means the size of data items that are allowed to lock or the level and information type that a lock protects. Multiple granularities is a database locking technique that allows various data items of different sizes and sets locks on them. And defines the hierarchy of data granularity where small granularities are nested within … Read more
Multi-version protocol minimizes the delay for reading operation and maintains different versions of data items. For each writes operation performed, it creates a new version of transaction data so that whenever any transaction performs read operation to read that data then the appropriate created data version is selected by the control manager to make that … Read more